The Effectiveness of ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum on the expression of TNF-α, IRS and follicles in preventing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in reproductive health

Siti Mudrikatin; Lilis Suryani; Sukati Sarmin

doi:10.70716/mohr.v4i2.432

Authors

Siti Mudrikatin Bachelor of Midwifery Study Program, Husada College of Health Sciences, Jombang, East Java, Indonesia
Lilis Suryani Bachelor of Midwifery Study Program, Husada College of Health Sciences, Jombang, East Java, Indonesia
Sukati Sarmin Bachelor of Midwifery Study Program, Husada College of Health Sciences, Jombang, East Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70716/mohr.v4i2.432

Keywords:

zingiber officinale var. rubrum, TNF- α expression, IRS, follicle, PCOS

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves impaired ovulation and hyperandrogenism, elevating insulin and TNF-α levels, and disrupting insulin receptor substrate (IRS) formation. Zingiber officinale var. rubrum has been shown to suppress TNF-α, thereby enhancing IRS function and follicular development. This study evaluated whether red ginger extract attenuates TNF-α, upregulates IRS, and improves follicular development as a PCOS prevention strategy. Using a randomised post-test-only control group design, thirty Rattus norvegicus were divided into five groups (K−, K+, P1, P2, P3) and administered ethanol extract at 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg BW alongside testosterone propionate (100 mg/kg BW, i.p.) for 21 days. Tissues were assessed via HE staining and immunohistochemistry; LC-MS characterised extract composition. Ethical approval was obtained (No. 2.KEH.59.04.2025, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University). Red ginger extract significantly reduced TNF-α, increased IRS expression, and promoted follicular development. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences across all parameters (p = 0.001), with P1, P2, and P3 each differing significantly from the positive control.

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