Sintesis Zeolit dari Abu Terbang Batubara untuk Penjerapan Amonium pada Air Limbah Peternakan

Rafin Mahendra; Lalu Auliya Akraboe Littaqwa; Muhsinun Muhsinun

doi:10.70716/tres.v2i1.709

Authors

Rafin Mahendra Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Universitas Mulawarman, Indonesia
Lalu Auliya Akraboe Littaqwa Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia
Muhsinun Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70716/tres.v2i1.709

Keywords:

abu terbang batubara, adsorpsi amonium, air limbah peternakan, sintesis zeolit, zeolit NaA

Abstract

Pencemaran amonium pada air limbah peternakan merupakan salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yang memerlukan teknologi pengolahan yang efektif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis zeolit dari abu terbang batubara menggunakan metode alkali fusion-hidrotermal dan mengevaluasi kinerjanya dalam menjerap amonium pada air limbah peternakan. Abu terbang direaksikan dengan NaOH pada suhu 550°C selama 1 jam dan dikristalisasi secara hidrotermal pada suhu 100°C selama 24 jam untuk menghasilkan zeolit tipe NaA. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan peningkatan kapasitas tukar kation dari 38,6 menjadi 176,4 meq/100 g setelah proses sintesis. Pengujian adsorpsi dilakukan menggunakan variasi dosis adsorben 1–8 g/L, waktu kontak 15–120 menit, dan konsentrasi awal amonium 25–200 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi penyisihan amonium meningkat dari 52,8% pada dosis 1 g/L menjadi 91,7% pada dosis 8 g/L. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada dosis adsorben 8 g/L dan waktu kontak 120 menit dengan kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum sebesar 31,84 mg/g. Analisis isoterm menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi mengikuti model Langmuir dengan koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,987, sedangkan model kinetika pseudo-second-order memberikan kecocokan terbaik dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,992. Pengujian kolom kontinu menghasilkan efisiensi penyisihan rata-rata 93,4% sebelum mencapai titik breakthrough. Uji regenerasi menunjukkan bahwa zeolit masih mempertahankan 84,6% kapasitas adsorpsinya setelah lima siklus penggunaan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa zeolit berbasis abu terbang batubara memiliki kemampuan tinggi dalam menjerap amonium dan berpotensi diterapkan sebagai adsorben berbiaya rendah untuk pengolahan air limbah peternakan secara berkelanjutan.

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